GeoReferencing for CATASTRO, REGISTER and NOTARIES  and .GML files

 

 

The Mortgage Law and the consolidated text of the Real Estcatastroate Cadastre Law, as of Law 13/2015, of June 24, establish a coordination system between the Real Estate Cadastre and the Property Registry, so that it incorporates the graphic description Georeferenced from the register properties, to carry out the registration of operations that entail a re-ordering of the lands: grouping, annexation, division, segregation, reparcelling as well as in the imatriculation of farms and declarations of new work, using cadastral mapping .

 

The aim is to achieve greater security to the data of location, delimitation and surface of the estates register that are object of the legal traffic and of this way to obtain a cadastre-registry coordination. The General Directorate of Registries and Notaries together with the General Directorate of the Cadastre have published a joint Resolution (Resolution of October 26, 2015, of the General Directorate of Cadastre), regulating the technical requirements for the exchange of information between the Cadastre And Property Records. In this Resolution requires for the inscription of the farms, a graphic documentation that includes the georeferenced coordinates of the vertices of all its elements (boundaries, constructions, swimming pools, …), made by a competent technician. The objectives pursued with this Resolution are:

 

  1. Achieve greater precision in the description of the register farms by incorporating a geo-referenced graphical description that coincides (in surface, shape and position) with the farm in reality
  2. That the registrar will decide whether the graphic description registered corresponds to the one contained in the cadastre, in which case it will be the one that is incorporated into the Registry considering the property COORDINATED.
  3. That the cadastral mapping becomes the only graphic basis of the description of the estates in the Property Registry, discarding other official cartographies although the Mortgage Law contemplates the possibility of providing an Alternative Geo-referenced Graphical Representation (RGA) for the case of That it does not correspond with reality.

 

What is the georeferencing of a cadastral parcel?

Georeferencing a plot is to define its corners (vertices) by coordinates called UTM (because they are defined in the Universal Transverse Mercator Mapping Projection) and in a unique (universal) and official reference system called ETRS89 (European Terrestial Reference System 1989). This system is the same (albeit with much greater precision) that is used in GoogleEarth, Google Maps or other many applications that we use p.e. on our mobile phones.

The coordinates (X, Y) obtained that, in principle, could be given in any way, must be incorporated, by Law, into a file in a format called GML (Graphic Marckup Languaje) that is a type of HTML language (the language of Internet pages) adapted to the geographic information of cadastral parcels and buildings, following the specifications of the European directive INSPIRE (INfrastructure for SPatial InfoRmation in Europe) according to Directive 2007/2 / EC of the European Parliament of 14 March 2007 establishing an infrastructure for spatial information in the European Community (INSPIRE)

How is a GML file generated from a cadastral parcel or building?

In the Web of the Cadastre is well explained how to obtain the GML file of a parcel (CP = Cadastral Parcel) and the GML file of a building (BU = BUILDING) starting from the cartography Catastral. In TOPOCAT, initially, we start from the cadastral cartography Of the geographic elements objects of study (parcels or buildings) in format DFX (Drawing Interchange Format) provided by the cadastre. However, most of the times, if not all of them, usually due to errors in cadastral mapping, to the demands of precision in the coordinates of the vertices (maximum error must be less than 25 cm and less Of 20 cm in 85% of the points) and, in other occasions, for the modifications of the geographical elements, it is necessary to realize an RGA (Alternative Graphical Representation) as explained next.

What is the Alternative Graphical Representation (RGA)?

The Alternative Graphic Representation (RGA) is a drawing (and its corresponding .GML file) prepared by a competent technician, describing, with the required precision (20 cm.), The building plot / s when its shape, Size or position in the PHYSICAL REALITY, DOES NOT COINCIDE with those that appear in the descriptive and graphic cadastral certification of a real estate.

In most cases, the PHYSICAL REALITY does not coincide with the CATASTRAL INFORMATION (and let’s not talk about the REGISTRAL INFORMATION … hence the need for such coordination driven by European regulations to put format order and uniqueness in the description Of the European soil), reason why it is necessary to realize the RGA that corresponds with the reality.

 

TOPOCAT offers all the technical services of Georeferencing to individuals and Notaries, for acts between Cadastre and Property Registry:

  1. TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY:
    1. Creation of stations with GPS (Global Positioning System) referenced to the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) constellation to carry out the work. This constellation offers us, directly, coordinates in the system WGS84 (World Geodetic System 1984) that, coinciding, for our purposes, with the required ETRS89.
    2. Topographic survey of the perimeter of the plot, interior buildings and relevant facilities (swimming pools, …).
    3. Obtain the georeferenced plane.
    4. Preparation of report with parcel vertex coordinates.
  1.  CERTIFICATE OF GEOREFERENCING and GML files:
    1. Elaboration of the Georeferencing Report in .PDF format, digitally signed by the competent technician (Technical Engineer in Surveying)
    2. Creation of the .GML files of the plot object of the report and the elements inetriores: buildings, sports facilities, swimming pools, …
    3. Send to General Directorate of Cadastre.
    4. Positive certificate of issuance by General Directorate of Cadastre, if possible (since sometimes, especially when the parcel is bordered by Public Domain – streets, … it is not possible to obtain the positive certificate)
  1. ALTERNATIVE GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION (GRG):
    1. Preparation of plans of the plot under study.
    2. Creation of computer file.
    3. Preparation of GML format.
    4. Send to General Directorate of Cadastre.

 

 

 

 

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